西班牙与葡萄牙针织采购：季节日历与采购节奏

Spain and Portugal sit at the southern edge of the European knitwear calendar, and that geographic position quietly reshapes how Iberian buyers should plan a knit program. Winters arrive later, exit faster, and split sharply between the cold interior of Castile and Aragon and the mild Atlantic coast of Galicia, Asturias and the entire Portuguese seaboard. From our factory in Dongguan, Licheng Knitwear has shipped to Spanish and Portuguese wholesalers and private-label brands since 2018, and the cadence we recommend is meaningfully different from the German or Scandinavian rhythm. This guide is written for buying teams who want to translate that difference into a practical sample, bulk and delivery plan.

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Iberia is not the largest knit market in Europe, but it is one of the most editorial. Spain hosts globally influential vertically integrated brands, and Portugal has a deep textile-manufacturing tradition of its own, particularly around Vila Nova de Famalicão and Guimarães. Both facts shape buyer expectations in three concrete ways we observe at Licheng.

First, Iberian buyers tend to be design-led. Tech packs arrive with strong references to silhouette, hand-feel and finish, not just gauge and weight. Second, because local Portuguese knitwear capacity exists, our Iberian customers usually come to Dongguan for reasons of price-positioning, novelty yarns, jacquard and intarsia complexity, or volume that local mills cannot absorb in the AW peak. Third, the retail calendar is genuinely later: Spanish department stores and independents commonly accept heavy knits on the floor from late September to October, with the bulk of sell-through landing in November-January rather than the September peak typical further north.

For a sourcing manager, that delayed retail window is a planning advantage. It means an Iberian brand can confirm AW colour and yarn decisions one to two weeks later than a German competitor without sacrificing on-floor dates. We design our shipping plans around that flexibility.

Licheng's published lead times apply consistently to Iberian programs: sampling runs 7-25 days from approved tech pack, and bulk production runs 30-45 days from approved sales sample and confirmed PO. Where the Iberian calendar gets specific is how you stack those windows against the local retail rhythm.

For an AW collection landing in Madrid, Barcelona or Porto stores in late September to early October, we recommend the following backwards-planning anchors. Confirm yarn and develop first proto by early February. Lock sales sample by mid-March. Place bulk PO no later than the first week of May. Ship FOB Yantian or Shenzhen by mid-July to allow 28-35 days of sea transit to Valencia, Algeciras or the Port of Leixões, plus customs and last-mile to a Spanish or Portuguese 3PL. SS lightweight knit programs (fine-gauge cotton, linen blends, transitional merino) follow a mirrored cycle with bulk shipping in November-December.

Where brands get caught is the bulk window. The 30-45 day quoted lead time assumes mid-season production. If your PO lands inside our August-October peak alongside US and UK AW orders, the realistic figure is at the upper end of that range and yarn dye-lot queues can extend it. Iberian buyers benefit from booking earlier in the calendar than they instinctively feel they need to, precisely because their retail floor date is later than the global rush.

The typical Spanish or Portuguese private-label brand we work with sits in two clusters: independent multi-brand specialists buying 200-800 pieces per style across colours, and growing DTC and wholesale labels placing 500-2,000 pieces per style. Our catalog MOQ of 30 pieces per colour per size run is built for exactly this band — it lets a brand offer three or four colourways in a hero style without forcing a stock-keeping commitment that does not fit the Iberian retail floor.

For fully custom development (bespoke yarn blend, custom jacquard, branded trims), MOQ rises and is quoted per project. The table below summarises the commercial envelope our Iberian customers most commonly work within.

Prices are indicative FOB China bands across our gauge range and depend on yarn, gauge, weight and finishing — they are not a quote. Local Iberian wholesale prices typically land in a range that converts roughly to a healthy margin on these FOB figures once duty, VAT and freight are layered in (approx. EUR conversion at prevailing rates).

Payment terms for new Iberian customers begin at 30% deposit on PO confirmation and 70% against copy of bill of lading. Established repeat accounts can negotiate 30/70 against documents on delivery for Spanish and Portuguese ports we routinely serve.

Licheng knits across 3GG to 18GG, with 5GG, 7GG and 12GG forming the bulk of our Iberian deliveries. The split we see between our Spanish and Portuguese accounts is consistent enough to call a pattern, though every brand is different.

Spanish buyers, particularly those targeting Madrid and the cold interior, gravitate to 5GG and 7GG chunky and mid-gauge AW pieces: cropped cardigans, oversized crewnecks, cable knits and statement collared pullovers. Recycled wool blends, lambswool, alpaca blends and brushed yarns perform strongly. There is also a durable Spanish appetite for tonal earth palettes — terracotta, olive, ochre, off-white, navy — that lets a brand carry colour across multiple seasons.

Portuguese buyers, by contrast, often skew slightly finer-gauge. With the Atlantic-mild coast running from Porto to the Algarve, 12GG merino crews, cotton-rich transitional knits and lightweight cardigans share equal floor space with heavier styles. Linen and cotton blends sell into a longer SS window than we see elsewhere in Europe, and Portuguese private-label brands routinely place fine-gauge polo and half-zip orders alongside their heavyweight AW program.

Across both markets, sustainable yarn stories matter for the brief but not at any price. Recycled cotton, recycled wool, GRS-aligned yarns (documentation available on request from yarn mills, not displayed publicly on our site), and organic cotton are the most common requests. We source yarn from established mills and pass through documentation to the buyer at confirmation rather than holding it as a public certification claim ourselves.

Our standard QC for Iberian shipments is the same as for any other market and rests on three layers. In-line checks during knitting and linking catch gauge, stitch density and shaping defects before pieces leave the production floor. End-of-line AQL inspection on finished garments samples for measurement, colour, hand-feel, label and packaging accuracy at the agreed AQL level. Pre-shipment needle and metal detection is non-negotiable on every carton, and results are logged against the PO.

For Iberian buyers specifically, two areas deserve early planning. Care labelling: Spain and Portugal both require care symbols and fibre composition in the local language for retail sale, and we set labels at the sales-sample stage rather than at bulk to avoid rework. REACH and general EU product safety conformity sit at the yarn and trim level; we work with yarn suppliers whose documents support our customer's downstream compliance claims and provide that paperwork on request rather than displaying broad certification badges.

Third-party inspection (SGS, Intertek, Bureau Veritas, or a buyer-nominated agent) can be scheduled at pre-shipment and is something several of our Iberian accounts use as a standing process. We coordinate access and timing so it does not extend the ship window.

The practical Incoterms question for an Iberian buyer is usually FOB versus CIF, with a smaller share of accounts buying DDP. Our default recommendation is FOB Yantian or FOB Shenzhen for any buyer with an established freight forwarder in Europe — it gives the buyer control of consolidation, routing and customs broker choice. CIF is workable when the buyer prefers a single landed-to-port figure and accepts our nominated carrier and rates.

Sea transit from south China to the main Iberian ports — Algeciras, Valencia, Barcelona, Leixões (Porto) and Lisbon — runs roughly 28-35 days depending on routing, with Algeciras often acting as a transshipment hub for further European distribution. For smaller top-up orders during peak season, air freight to Madrid-Barajas via consolidator partners is an option, costed at the time of booking. We do not run regular DDP shipments to Iberia for new accounts because the customs and VAT exposure is better managed by a local broker the buyer already trusts.

Payment in USD against FOB invoices is standard. Letters of credit are workable for larger first orders and on repeat business we move most Iberian accounts to T/T against documents. We can issue commercial invoices and packing lists in English by default and add a Spanish or Portuguese annex on request, which speeds up customs clearance at Iberian entry ports.

The most important practical point we share with new Iberian customers is the simplest one: build the calendar backwards from your floor date, lock yarn early, and treat the 30-45 day bulk window as a real constraint rather than a flexible figure. The teams who do that ship clean AW collections to Madrid, Barcelona, Porto and Lisbon every year. The teams who treat lead times as negotiable are the ones who end up paying for air freight in October.

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If you're planning a real project around any of the points above, we'd be glad to take a quick look. Send a short brief and we'll come back within one business day with a practical direction, MOQ + lead time estimate, and a sample plan if it makes sense.

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